Asthma vs. Environmental Allergies: What’s the Difference?

August 22, 2025
Health & Wellness

Expert Insight from Michael D’Netto, M.D.

Asthma and environmental allergies are often linked—but they are not the same. Understanding the difference is key to managing symptoms and getting the right treatment.

What Is Asthma?

Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs. It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms such as:

  • Wheezing
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest tightness
  • Coughing, especially at night or during exercise 

Asthma can be triggered by a variety of factors, including respiratory infections, cold air, exercise, and allergens like pollen or pet dander.

What Are Environmental Allergies?

Environmental allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to a harmless substance—such as pollen, dust mites or pet dander — by releasing chemicals like histamine. This can cause:

  • Sneezing
  • Runny or stuffy nose
  • Itchy eyes or skin

In some people, allergies can also trigger asthma symptoms. This is known as allergic asthma. 

How Are They Connected?

“Allergies and asthma often go hand in hand,” explainsMichael D’Netto, M.D., a Mayo Clinic Health System board-certified allergist and immunologist at WinnMed in Decorah. “In fact, many people with asthma have allergic triggers. Identifying and treating those allergies can significantly improve asthma control.”

Diagnosis and Treatment

An allergist can perform skin or blood tests to identify allergy triggers and determine if asthma is allergy-related. Treatment may include:

  • Inhalers for asthma control
  • Antihistamines or nasal sprays for allergies
  • Allergy immunotherapy (allergy shots or tablets) to reduce sensitivity over time 

If you experience symptoms of asthma or allergies, talk to your provider about a referral to Dr. D’Netto for a personalized evaluation and treatment plan.

Make an appointment

Dr. D’Netto is accepting new patients at WinnMed in Decorah.  Call WinnMed at 563-382-2911 or request an appointment online through WinnMed’s online portal, MyChart.

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